Security Overview

SSP's Security-First Approach

SSP Wallet is designed with security as the foundation, not an afterthought. Every component, communication, and operation is built to protect your cryptocurrency assets using industry-leading security practices.

🛡️ Core Security Principles

1. True 2-of-2 Multisignature

• Both keys required for every transaction

• No single point of failure in the system

• Cryptographically enforced security at the blockchain level

2. Zero-Knowledge Architecture

• Private keys never leave your devices

• SSP Relay cannot access sensitive data

• End-to-end encryption for all communications

3. Self-Custody First

• You control all private keys

• No third-party custody of funds

• Full ownership of your cryptocurrency

4. Defense in Depth

• Multiple security layers working together

• Redundant protection mechanisms

• Graceful failure modes that prioritize security

🔒 Security Layers

Layer 1: Runtime Security

┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐
│          Runtime Security              │
├─────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ • LavaMoat Compartmentalization        │
│ • SES Lockdown Protection              │
│ • Supply Chain Attack Prevention       │
│ • Module Isolation (70+ packages)      │
│ • User-Verifiable Security Tests       │
└─────────────────────────────────────────┘

Try it yourself! Click the version number in the wallet footer 5 times rapidly to access the built-in security test page and verify all protections are active.

Layer 2: Device Security

┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐
│           Device Security               │
├─────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ • Password/PIN Protection               │
│ • Device Fingerprinting                 │
│ • Secure Storage (Keychain/MMKV)       │
│ • Biometric Authentication (Optional)   │
└─────────────────────────────────────────┘

Layer 3: Cryptographic Security

┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐
│        Cryptographic Security          │
├─────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ • AES-256-GCM Encryption               │
│ • PBKDF2 Key Derivation                │
│ • Schnorr/ECDSA Signatures             │
│ • BIP48 HD Wallet Standard             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────┘

Layer 4: Communication Security

┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐
│       Communication Security           │
├─────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ • TLS 1.3 Encryption                   │
│ • Message Authentication Codes         │
│ • Replay Attack Protection             │
│ • Certificate Pinning                  │
└─────────────────────────────────────────┘

Layer 5: Network Security

┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐
│          Network Security              │
├─────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ • Secure Blockchain RPC Endpoints      │
│ • Transaction Verification             │
│ • Double-Spend Protection              │
│ • Network Fee Validation               │
└─────────────────────────────────────────┘

🔐 Encryption Implementation

Private Key Encryption

// Simplified encryption flow
const encryptPrivateKey = (privateKey, password, deviceFingerprint) => {
  // 1. Generate random salt and IV
  const salt = crypto.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(32));
  const iv = crypto.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(16));
  
  // 2. Derive encryption key using PBKDF2
  const derivedKey = PBKDF2(password + deviceFingerprint, salt, 100000);
  
  // 3. Encrypt using AES-256-GCM
  const encrypted = AES_GCM.encrypt(privateKey, derivedKey, iv);
  
  return {
    data: base64(encrypted),
    salt: base64(salt),
    iv: base64(iv)
  };
};

Key Derivation (BIP48)

Master Seed
    ↓
m/48'/cointype'/account'/script_type'/change/index
    ↓
Example Bitcoin: m/48'/0'/0'/2'/0/0
Example Ethereum: m/48'/60'/0'/0'/0/0

🛡️ Attack Resistance

Protected Against

✅ Single Device Compromise: 2-of-2 multisig protects your funds ✅ Phishing Attacks: Address validation and device verification ✅ Man-in-the-Middle: End-to-end encryption and certificate pinning ✅ Brute Force: Strong encryption and device fingerprinting ✅ Server Compromise: Zero-knowledge architecture protects keys ✅ Replay Attacks: Nonce-based message authentication ✅ Social Engineering: Multi-device approval required ✅ Supply Chain Attacks: LavaMoat compartmentalization and policies ✅ Code Injection: SES lockdown blocks eval and dynamic code execution ✅ Prototype Pollution: Immutable prototypes prevent tampering

Potential Risks (Mitigated)

⚠️ Both Device Loss: Mitigated by seed phrase backup ⚠️ User Error: Mitigated by clear UI and confirmation steps ⚠️ Physical Attack: Mitigated by password protection ⚠️ Compromised Dependencies: Mitigated by LavaMoat runtime protection

🔍 Security Audits

Professional Security Audits

SSP has undergone comprehensive security audits by Halborn Security:

📄 SSP Wallet, Key, and Relay Audit (2025)

• Scope: Browser extension, mobile apps, and relay server

• Focus: Cross-device security, encryption, and communication protocols

• Result: Comprehensive security validation completed

• View Public Report

📄 Smart Contracts Audit (2025)

• Scope: Account Abstraction smart contracts with Schnorr multisig

• Focus: ERC-4337 implementation and cryptographic security

• Result: Smart contract security validated

• View Public Report

📄 SDK Security Audit (2025)

• Scope: Account Abstraction SDK with Schnorr signatures

• Focus: Developer integration security and cryptographic implementation

• Result: SDK security practices validated

• View Public Report

🚨 Security Best Practices for Users

Essential Practices

1. 📱 Keep Both Devices Secure

   • Use strong passwords/PINs

   • Enable biometric authentication when available

   • Keep software updated

2. 🔄 Backup Your Seed Phrases

   • Store both wallet and key seed phrases separately

   • Use secure, offline storage methods

   • Test recovery procedures

3. 🔍 Verify Transactions

   • Always verify recipient addresses

   • Check transaction amounts carefully

   • Confirm network fees are reasonable

4. 🛡️ Stay Alert

   • Be suspicious of unsolicited communications

   • Verify website URLs carefully

   • Never share seed phrases or private keys

Advanced Security

1. 🔐 Multi-Location Backup

   • Store seed phrases in different physical locations

   • Consider safety deposit boxes for large holdings

   • Use fire-proof and water-proof storage

2. 📊 Regular Wallet Review

   • Review transaction history regularly

   • Verify both devices sync properly

   • Keep backup seed phrases secure and accessible

🆘 Security Incident Response

If You Suspect Compromise

1. 🚨 Immediate Actions

   • Stop all transactions immediately

   • Disconnect from networks if possible

   • Document any suspicious activity

2. 🔍 Assessment

   • Check transaction history for unauthorized activity

   • Verify both devices are still secure

   • Review recent account access

3. 🔄 Recovery

   • If one device is compromised, immediately move funds using the other

   • Create new wallet with fresh seed phrases

   • Report incident to security team

Report Security Issues

• GitHub Security: Report security vulnerabilities

• GitHub Issues: General security questions

• Responsible Disclosure: Use GitHub's security reporting features

🔬 Technical Security Details

Cryptographic Specifications

• Encryption: AES-256-GCM with random IVs

• Key Derivation: PBKDF2 with 100,000+ iterations

• Signatures: ECDSA (Bitcoin/Ethereum), Schnorr (Account Abstraction)

• Hashing: SHA-256 for Bitcoin, Keccak-256 for Ethereum

• HD Wallets: BIP48 derivation for multisignature wallets

Security Architecture

• Open Source: Transparent code for community security review

• Deterministic Builds: Verifiable build process with SHA256 checksums

• Runtime Protection: LavaMoat compartmentalization and SES lockdown

• Regular Updates: Continuous security improvements

• Community Security: GitHub-based security reporting

🏗️ Deterministic Builds

SSP Wallet implements deterministic builds to ensure complete transparency and verifiability of browser extension packages. This means anyone can rebuild the exact same packages and verify the integrity of what's submitted to browser stores.

Why This Matters for Security

┌──────────────────────────────────────────┐
│    Deterministic Build Protection        │
├──────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ ✅ Verifiable Integrity                  │
│ ✅ No Hidden Code Injection              │
│ ✅ Reproducible Across Machines          │
│ ✅ Browser Store Verification            │
│ ✅ Build-Time Supply Chain Protection    │
└──────────────────────────────────────────┘

The same source code always produces byte-identical binaries, making it impossible to inject malicious code during the build process without detection.

Quick Verification

# Clone the repository
git clone https://github.com/RunOnFlux/ssp-wallet.git
cd ssp-wallet

# Build using Docker for reproducibility
npm run build:deterministic

# Verify SHA256 hashes match published version
sha256sum -c SHA256SUMS

Build Environment

• Docker Image: node:22.17.1-alpine (SHA-pinned)

• Fixed Timestamp: 2025-01-01 00:00:00 UTC (eliminates variation)

• Frozen Dependencies: yarn.lock ensures exact versions

• Isolated Environment: No host dependencies affect output

• Output: SHA256-verified Chrome and Firefox packages

Security Guarantees

Protected Against:

• ❌ Build environment attacks (Docker isolation)

• ❌ Supply chain substitution (frozen dependencies)

• ❌ Timestamp manipulation (fixed SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH)

• ❌ Hidden build steps (complete reproducibility)

Verified By:

• ✅ Security auditors can rebuild and verify

• ✅ Browser store reviewers can validate submissions

• ✅ Community members can independently verify

• ✅ SHA256 checksums provide cryptographic proof

For complete technical details, build instructions, troubleshooting, and Docker configuration, see the Deterministic Builds Developer Guide.

Next Steps

• Runtime Security with LavaMoat - Deep dive into runtime protection and supply chain security

• Deterministic Builds Guide - Complete guide to verifying and reproducing builds

• Halborn Security Audit - Complete audit results and findings

• Device Security Guidelines - Secure your SSP Wallet devices

• GitHub Security - Report security issues

• Interactive Setup Tutorial - Secure wallet setup guide